Girmitiyas: Fiji’s forgotten Indentured Labourers

Girmitiyas: Fiji’s forgotten Indentured Labourers

[Shradhanjali ke do phool (A Wreath) on GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY ON 14 MAY.]

Thakur Ranjit Singh, Auckland, New Zealand

If I ask Indo-Fijians the significance of 14^th May, you may say, yes, of course, Rabuka’s coup in 1987. No, not that. I was thinking of something over a century before the coup – I was thinking of 14^th May, 1879 when the first ship load of Girmitiyas- Fiji’s indentured labourers – arrived in Fiji at Levuka in the historic vessel, the Leonidas. This article is intended to awaken the dead pride of Indo-Fijian Diaspora, and urge them to observe GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY ON 14 MAY this year and every year henceforth.

 

Leonidas, the first indenture ship to arrive at Levuka on 14 May, 1879 with the first ship-load of Girmitiyas or Indentured Labourers. That is why 14 May is dedicated as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY

During this Ram Naumi, as the Hindu Indo-Fijian Diaspora in Canada, USA, Australia and New Zealand gather at different Mandirs, temples, prayer houses and private homes to sing Ramayan and Ram Kirtans, please ponder this issue – how come you are singing Ramayan in Hindi and maintaining your culture? How come Indo-Fijian Diaspora is a pride to Hinduism among migrant Hindus? Who do you give credit for bringing and maintaining Hindi language and maintaining Hinduism in Fiji?  What, if after suffering the hardship, atrocities and injustice of British and Australian colonists and Christian overseers in cane-fields, Girmitiyas had chosen the easy way out, and converted to Christianity? How about if they had abandoned Hinduism? What would have happened to the livelihood of so many Pundits and Purohits? Then today you would be singing hymns in a Church, and not Ramayan during Ram Naumi. Are you, and have you ever been thankful to your to your persevering forbears? Your Girmitiya grandfathers and great-grandfathers were indeed great gems, deserving some honour from their descendants.

 

Ramayan recital during Ram Naumi and similar devotion at numerous locations worldwide in Indo-Fijian Diapora - thanks to Girmitiyas for retaining their religion and culture even in face of atrocities and sufferings. In here, Master Ram Bihari is seen singing "Aarti" while a devotee offering his prayers at Sath Deo's residence at Te Atatu Peninsula, Auckland, New Zealand. The children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren are thankful to their forbears for retaining the religion and culture for them.

You must thank our forbears- our Girmitiyas. When Indo Fijians nowadays come from Fiji, they will bring yagona and duty free liquor with them. But what did those Girmitiyas bring from India wrapped in their dhotis. No grog (kava) or duty free alcohol and cigarettes– but they brought Ramayan, Gita and their language and culture with them. And we are so thankful for that. However, as a race, we are so selfish and conceited to have forgotten their sacrifices and sufferings.

 

Thanksgiving Day in USA when they pay homage, respect and honour for the pioneers who contributed to birth of their nation. Are Indo-Fijians so selfish and conceited to have forgotten their Girmitiyas? The request here is for them to observe 14 May as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY.

On Thanksgiving Day, Americans think of and honour those who sacrificed for America in creating a new homeland. On ANZAC Day (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps) Kiwis and Aussies think of their soldiers who fought for their countries and gave their lives. On Waitangi Day, New Zealanders mark that as a nation-building day. Then why cannot we, Girmitiya descendant Indo-Fijians, set aside at least one day in a year to think and honour those who sacrificed their life for us and gave us this better lives than they ever dreamed of?

 

Dawn Service during ANZAC DAY in Australia and New Zealand, when in the cold autumn morning at 5 am, young people wake up to pay respect for the soldiers who died for their country during wars. Do Indo-Fijian children and grown-ups have similar pride and honour for their Girmitiyas? Sadly, the answer is NO. Is not this a shame and disrespect to the sufferings and sacrifices of our forbears? Can we not dedicate 14 May as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY?

We should be thankful for the vision of our forbears for giving so much priority for education. One of the most important matters affecting new settlers during indenture was education.  It was British policy to keep the farmers in bondage and the best way of doing this was to keep them uneducated and ignorant.  However, after their long suffering in Fiji, the Girmitiyas realized the value of education and salvation through knowledge.  They swore that never again would anybody subject their children and new generation to the indignity that they went through. You now settled in Developed Countries are the result of that pledge by your forbears- Girmitiya grandfathers and great-grandfathers you should be thankful to.

 

Arya Samaj established DAV College, Ba, Fiji in 1953 when many of us were not even born. I was fortunate to have gone to this school, I am so thankful to the vision of our forbears. Similarly, different Indo-Fijian religious groups like Sanatan, Sangam, Muslim, Sikh and others, established schools with sacrifices and input from Girmitiyas. We are so thankful to their vision and priority in education. We all in Fiji and overseas countries are beneficiaries of such a vision. Can we dedicate 14 May of every year to their memories?

It is from such thoughts, views and vision that various religious groupings decided to establish schools for their communities.  Hence started schools like Rarawai Muslim School, Vashist Muni School, Vunisamaloa Sangam School, DAV College, Vaqia Indian School, Khalsa College, Koronubu Indian School, and many rural community and religious based schools throughout Fiji. These schools were started with great deal of personal sacrifice and contributions. Some farmers donated land, while others assigned certain tonnage to go towards the school while others gave their labour to build schools in their respective localities. This was very unlike the schools set up by government for Europeans and indigenous Fijians where the full contribution was from the colonial government

It is because of this legacy that today, over 90% of Fiji’s students go to non-government schools and it is because of such vision that today’s third and fourth generation of Girmitiya children are sought after professionals and skilled people in Fiji, New Zealand, Canada USA and Australia and other parts of the world.  But how have we repaid this debt?

The tragedy of Indo- Fijians is that they lack selfless political or other forms of benevolent leadership. We have our so called crusaders of cane farmers, multitudes of qualified academics and professors who benefited through taxpayers money to get their degrees, yet they remain deafeningly silent when troubles hit our community. In other progressive democracies and in oppressed regimes, it used to be its academic sons and daughters who took the fight on for their country. In the case of Fiji, it has not been a matter of pride. We have multitudes of prosperous Indo-Fijian lawyers made rich by a bickering Indo-Fijian community, yet how many have got the guts or human conscience to take the fight to seek redress from those who wronged us?

It is unfortunate that even Fiji's people settled in Developed Nations overseas, have been so immersed in their new found prosperity and material wealth that any thought of Girmit or Girmitiyas is considered blasphemy and a no no. Some six years ago I hoped to start marking Girmit Day on May 14 in Auckland, but was discouraged and shunned by the descendants of Girmitiyas. What a shame. Even a Mandir (temple) supported and frequented by Indo- Fijians in Manurewa in South Auckland with an appropriate hall refused to grant us free use as they said they had to pay a mortgage for their loan. How about the mortgage that we owe to the sacrifices and suffering of Girmitiyas that have landed us in this prosperity now? Can Indo-Fijians settled abroad be so thankless, conceited and selfish?

What I suggest is that we need to tell our children and grandchildren about the stories of Girmit so that they know where they have descended from and how full of suffering has been that first journey in 1869 to 1916 which saw some 60,000 Indians brought to Fiji. Even their descendants in Fiji went through great deal of suffering and discrimination by successive Fijian governments.

My blogsite, FIJI PUNDIT will dedicate a chain of articles in April and May dedicated to the memories of Girmitiyas-our forefathers the community has forgotten. This article is dedicated by FIJI PUNDIT to the 60,000 Bansi, Bhura and jahaji bhai (travelling shipmate) Bholai who transformed Fiji from a cannibalistic tribalism and jungle to a flourishing economic envy of the Pacific, which at one time was referred to as Crown Jewel of Pacific through sacrifices and suffering of Girmitiyas, in partnership with the I-Taukei and landowners..

 

This article and string or articles in April and may in FIJI PUNDIT will be dedicated to the memories of our forebears, our Girmitiyas, like my Grandfather BANSI from Karouli, Rajasthan India who came to serve his indenture in Sagave, Ba, Fiji with Jahaji (Travelling companion on ship) Bholai in 1915. We descendants of Girmitiyas have decided to dedicate 14 May of this and every year as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY.

Unfortunately, history fails to recognize or acknowledge this. As  we mark the 141 years of the first arrival of indentured labourers to Fiji on 14 May, 1879,, this article is meant as a wreath on the graves of Girmitiyas (shradhanjali ke do phool ) to whom the whole of Fiji owes its gratitude. And so do us, the descendants of the Girmitiyas settled overseas. Why have we forgotten them? Let us mark 14 May as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY

May the soul of our departed Girmitiyas and our ancestors rest in peace!

(E-mail: thakurji@xtra.co.nz )

Await Next Posting: THE STOLEN HISTORY OF GIRMITIYAS

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DEDICATING 14 MAY AS GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY

DEDICATING 14 MAY AS GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY
By
GUEST WRITER: RAJENDRA PRASAD

[Former Town Clerk of Ba Town Council, Ba Fiji, and Author Tears in Paradise – Suffering and Struggles of Indians in Fiji 1879-2004.]


On Thanksgiving Day, Americans think of and honour those who sacrificed for America in creating a new homeland. On ANZAC Day (Australia and New Zealand Army Corps), respective nationals think of their soldiers who fought for their countries and gave their lives. On Waitangi Day, New Zealanders mark that as a nation-building day. Then why cannot we, Girmitiya descendant Indo-Fijians, set aside at least one day in a year to think and honour those who sacrificed their lives and gave us this better life than they ever dreamed of?

                                                                  

Girmit Remembrance Day – May 14: An appeal to religious, social and cultural organizations of Indo-Fijians worldwide.

G I R M I T I Y A S - They laid their lives for us…we say “thanks” and remember their sacrifices annually on – GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY.

May 14 is a significant day in the calendar of Indo-Fijian history. It can be variously recognized but its foremost significance is the arrival of first ship Leonidas, with 479 Indian indentured immigrants (Girmitiyas) to Fiji on May 14, 1879. They were recruited to work largely in the sugarcane plantations.

THE FIRST INDENTURE SHIP, LEONIDAS. It brought 479 indentured labourers to Levuka, Fiji on 14 MAY, 1879. That is why 14 May is dedicated internationally as GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY -14 MAY of every year henceforth.

This followed 82 other ships that transported over 60,000 Girmitiyas to Fiji. Indenture system (Girmit) came to an end on December 31, 1919 after a bitter struggle against the recruitment of Indian indentured labourers that saw the might of Mahatma Gandhi ultimately triumph over that of the British Government.

 

The author of this article, Rajendra Prasad's historic book on Girmit History which has been stolen from History books:" TEARS IN PARADISE - Suffering and Sacrifices of Indians in Fiji - 1879-2004"

I implore, Indo-Fijians across the world and their descendants to commemorate the sacrifices of the pioneer generation with solemnity and sobriety on May 14, paying homage to those who laid their lives on the altar of sacrifice. I urge religious, social and cultural organizations to undertake this mission at the community level annually and also appeal to individual families to offer prayers and recitals in their homes in memory of those whose lives were tragically lost. 

Girmit was a period of great pain and suffering. How the Girmitiyas bore it and why they bore it is a story of one of the greatest sacrifices made in the history of humanity. They were illiterate, innocent and ignorant and believed in the dictum of “karma” and believed that if they bore their pain and suffering, their children will escape the tragedy that consumed their lives.

RAJENDRA PRASAD, former Town Clerk of Ba Town Council and author of this plea to Indo Fijians to have pride and honour towards the memory and sacrifices of their Girmitiya forbears. It is hoped Indo -Fijian Diaspora can heed this call, so that coming generations gain some knowledge of history of their ancestors and their heritage. The theme of GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY is to reclaim the history of Girmit.

They played their role and made the sacrifices, leaving a debt of gratitude upon us which we have failed to honour. Let us now join hands together with humility and respect to honour their sacrifices and pay our tribute to our Girmitiya forebears, a generation that must remain exalted above every other generation.

Waitakere Indian Association (WIA) commemorated this day in Auckland, New Zealand on 20 May, 2012. It was a moving occasion, as the audience sat wiping their tears when speakers recounted the pain and suffering of the forgotten Girmitiyas.

 

The first generation of Girmitiyas -these were the people over 80 years who attended Girmit Remembrance Day in Auckland on 20 May, 2012.

Standing- L-R Ramaiya Rao, Govind Prasad (Deceased), Ram Shankar Sharma (Deceased), Babru Bahan Singh, Pundit Sharda Nand Maharaj, Kapil Deo Singh and Mrs Babru Bahan Singh.

Sitting: L-R Shiu Mati Prasad (Deceased), Lila Wati Dutt, Audh Raji Vishwanath, Subhag Wati, Jasoda Sumer, Niyaz Begum Shariff, Shiu Bharos,(Deceased) Narain Prasad (Deceased), R. B Sharma and Rai Mati Singh (Deceased)

Girmit Remembrance Day on 20 May 2012 in Auckland was not a fundraising event, it was neither a Bollywood entertainment nor a day devoted to singing and dancing, nor was it a day for politicians and big shots. It was a day devoted to our elderly people. It was a day when the Elderlies were honoured, treated as chief guests, heard, forgotten history was told, old Girmit songs were revived and perceptions of the new generation were heard. It was an occasion where adults and children of Girmit took an opportunity to serve the first generation of Girmitiyas with food, savories and most importantly, love and honour which their Girmitiya parents were denied in Girmit.

It is hoped other Indo Fijians around the world will mark this day in this theme. A register of people over eighty (80) has been established and these people are going to be honoured with especially inscribed medals. 

A resolution was passed in public discussion that May 14 would be Girmit Remembrance Day, marked every year and it was agreed to liaise with like-minded organisations in Indo-Fijian Diaspora in Canada, USA, Australia to commemorate Girmit Remembrance Day internationally and promote knowledge and history of indenture. It is also a time and occasion to reclaim our culture and restore our unity.

Those present in Auckland also resolved that the tales and music of Girmit should resound everywhere descendant of Girmitiyas are settled as 14th May every year would be GIRMIT REMEMBRANCE DAY.

 

Indentured Indian Labourers to FIJI -forbears of Indo Fijians worldwide. This is a challenge to Indo Fijians to have some pride, honour and memory towards the sufferings and sacrifices of their Girmitiya forebears. History has to be reclaimed for the benefit of coming Indo-Fijian generation, so that they can have pride in their heritage.

 (Photo from 

www.girmit.org)

Let us commemorate and celebrate their legacy and humanity. We are what they wanted us to be. In   commemorating their memories, let us ignite that undying flame of desire and gratitude in our community, particularly in our children, that they are able to consciously and appreciatively inherit the legacy of the Girmitiyas – a legacy of struggle, endurance, resilience and achievement.

LET US ALL- CHILDREN OF GIRMIT RISE ON 14 MAY TO REMEMBER AND APPRECIATE THE SACRIFICES OF OUR GIRMITIYAS, AND RECLAIM OUR HERITAGE AND HISTORY.

E-Mail: raj.prasad@xtra.co.nz

Additional reading on Girmit: www.girmit.org)



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SAVUA ENQUIRY - PART 4: POLICE ASSISTED IN LOOTING INDO - FIJIAN FARMERS DURING SPEIGHT COUP

 SAVUA ENQUIRY-PART 4: Police helped in looting Muaniweni Indo Fijian farmers and Transported Arms from Military to Rebels

Thakur Ranjit Singh,

 Auckland, New Zealand

Summary of PART 3: Savua had packed to shift to PM’s office and used police resources for treason.

In Part 3 you read how Savua had cleared and packed, expecting to become Fiji's Prime Minister after deposing Mahendra Chaudhry. He abused police resources to commit treason. He had all the resources at his disposal to control riots and bring peace, but he had other ideas. All the available evidence speaks about his dereliction, in fact negligence of duties and grave gross misconduct. 

Yet, he was found innocent by a Kangaroo Court, manipulated to support the nationalist elements and Qarase's regime. This court, held in camera, was a fraud on the people of Fiji. (I, as Publisher of the Daily Post, which had published this article in May, 2001, was asked to withdraw these comments and apologise to Justice Tuivaga. I refused to do that and as a result, lost my job)

THIS CONCLUDING PART 4 reveals how police helped looting Indo-Fijian farmers in Muaniweni, Naitasiri, Fiji and also helped steal and transport arms from Military camp to the rebels in Parliament. If you have not read three previous parts, please go back to FIJI PUNDIT or these Facebook, or refer to my Timeline pages and catch up on those stories that no Fiji papers or journalists have ever reported on these  dark untold history.

These are very revealing information after being first published in Fiji’s Daily Post in May, 2000 under pseudo name of Liu Muri/Aage Picche.

 

Former Commissioner of Police Isikia Savua, who is no more-he passed away in 2011. However, he left behind many unanswered questions. He also contributed in shaming a once proud police force of Fiji by using the Police resources for his personal political ambitions.

HERE IS THE CONCLUDING PART 4

COMMISSIONER’S INVOLVEMENT AFTER THE TAKEOVER OF PARLIAMENT

Support for the Rebels

On the day of the coup, opposition MP and a minister in the Speight government, Saimoni Kaitani said "it’s only a matter of time before the police and army pledge their support to the rebels". There were a number of similar instances in which the support for the Police Commissioner and his chosen officers were demonstrated through such statements.

One Police Officer told that the Police were involved in the transportation of arms to the Parliamentary complex following the takeover of the Parliament. He states:

I wish to add that on Saturday 20.5.00 at about 0230 hours whilst we were putting up the road block opposite the Lighthouse Restaurant (in Nasese) when police vehicle F/171 arrived with SP. M. The rotating lights were on as they were escorting another Government vehicle. I went over to check and found that the said vehicle was fully loaded with arms. I opened the road block as instructed by SP. M. because he said he was under orders from higher up and they went up to the Parliament house.

It was clear from this that the arms cartage to the Parliament complex in this car were authorised by the Police Commissioner. These arms were to be used to reinforce the armaments available to the terrorists, as they had feared an attack by the Fiji Military Forces.

Abuse of police vehicles and resources

Mr. Savua had given instructions for the use of a police vehicle to convey dalo and meat from Muaniweni for the rebels holding the Government hostage.

One Inspector was on duty at the command centre on the day of the alleged incident.  The same Inspector was chosen by Mr. Savua to go for peacekeeping duty in Solomon Islands when the issue of cattle theft and unlawful use of police vehicle was highlighted in the news media but was stopped from leaving the country by the military at that time.

A statement by one ASP regarding the above incident:

On the 28th of May  … I reported to duty to takeover from ASP .y. - the 7-7 Unit Commander. The (Police) transport was poor during the takeover. ASP y.. advised me that the Commissioner of Police had directed that a police vehicle be sent to the Parliament at 0600 hours on the morning of 29th May (2000) to be used by George Speight's men to convey some cattle and root crops from Savu, Naitasiri (Muaniweni) to the Parliament. I directed SPC to be ready to take the Canter truck to Parliament in the morning… At 0455 SC moved out F/49 (Canter Truck) to Delainavesi to pick SCS.. who will then drive to Parliament to pick Mr Speight's men for the Savu trip to get the cattle and root crops for Speight's men and his supporters. Note the sending of F/49 and the Police driver was in line with the instructions given by the Commissioner of Police to ASP y...

At 0630 hours, I rang parliament to confirm whether the Police Truck had arrived. I spoke to one Mr. Dakai who confirmed that a truck and a police driver had arrived for the trip to Savu and thanked me for it. I made notes of the above instructions in my note book from the 28/5 to 29/5.

The rebels supported by Savua, who terrorised Fiji for almost two months in 2000 until crushed by Fiji Military which brought law and order when even police were rendered helpless under a poor and ineffective Commissioner Savua.

SPC .z. who was the driver for the Police Vehicle on the day said that:

On the morning of 29th May, 2000, I was picked from my house by SC P.. in this vehicle at 0530 hours. We went to Nasese transport pool where SC P.. told me to drive F/49 to Parliament and pick some George Speight's men and take them to Muaniweni to pick some food stuff. I drove down to Parliament where Police force vehicle was waiting for me to confirm my going. The Policeman asked me if I was going to pick the food for the rebels from Muaniweni. I said yes and they drove off again.

The Parliament gate guard asked me where I was going. I replied I was sent by the Commissioner to see Rinakama (an MP supporting George Speight) about the food to be picked from Muaniweni. The guard opened the Parliament gate and allowed F/49 inside. Then Mr Rinakama came and told me to take the Naitasiri men to bring the food. Then while parking at the Parliament complex, 8 Fijian men from Naitasiri came and told me to go to Muaniweni where Tomasi Vosalevu is waiting. 

We drove … right to Muaniweni Indian School. At the school Vosalevu was waiting with a heap of dalo and carcass of cattle meat. The food stuff and meat was loaded and Vosalevu said to drive further and wait for him. When I came where he was, a cattle was slaughtered in the middle of the road. The men at the back loaded the cattle at the back of the Police truck.

We then drove back to the Parliament where we arrived at 11 am… The supporters of George Speight and his men came and shook my hand for the Police support and cheered for the Police Truck.

The Police Commissioner knew very well that Savu Road leads to Muaniweni where most of the looting of crops and cattle by Speight's supporters during this period was occurring. This was well reported through local and international media coverage during that week. I, Thakur Ranjit Singh, the then Publisher of the Daily Post can vouch for this as I visited the area with a Daily Post team, and personally saw the result of looting and reported on the terrorised Indo Fijians who were forced to sleep in the bush with their small children because of thuggery of Itaukei thugs.

Local radio and newspapers had also raised concern that much of the looted crops and cattle were being transported to the Parliament. These reports had already been lodged with the Police both in Suva and in Nausori.

The looting, burning and stealing in this region was spearheaded by Tomasi Vosalevu - also known as Ratu Malimali (involved in a bank robbery and was on bail at the time) who was in the Parliament for much of the week.

Ratu Malimali was supposed to have organised everything (looting, burning etc) down here (Muaniweni)… his lorries were used to transport stolen root crops and cattle to the parliament complex during the first ten days after the coup.

 

The looted and robbed farmers at Muaniweni: they were looted in Police vehicles by criminal elements working for Speight and Savua. One wonders how the Kangaroo court of Justice Tuivaga cleared Savua

It was because of the complicity between the Police and those who were involved in the looting, burning and violence that families fled Muaniweni during this period to live in the refugee camp at Fiji Girmit Centre in Lautoka. The Police Commissioner must be held directly responsible for this.

The Commissioner of Police's instructions to provide a police transport and police resources to terrorists who were holding the legitimate, constitutional government hostage is nothing short of a treasonous act. It was a source of great encouragement to them. His actions to provide official transport to cart food that was violently and forcibly taken from isolated rural households is an unpardonable capital offence as well - demonstrating a frightening complicity between the Commissioner and the terrorists who were holding the Constitutional Government hostage. 

This instance of providing official transport and support to organize the cartage of food demonstrates a most frightening complicity between the Police Commissioner and some of the most dangerous criminal elements who were behind some of the worst violence to be seen in this country recently. Then how was Savua cleared by the Kangaroo Court headed by Justice Tuivaga?

[For a corroborating story on this, read FIJI PUNDIT on violence on Indo Fijians. This story was covered by Thakur Ranjit Singh in Fiji’s Daily Post on Muaniweni looting of Indo- Fijians by Police officers on Police vehicles in May, 2000.

This will be republished for information to the new generation of Itaukei of Muaniweni to see what their elders did 21 years ago. See the link:

http://fijipundit.blogspot.com/2013/03/fiji-violence-when-indo-fijians-are.html

Police Conference

Savua came under criticism for attending a police chief’s conference in Vanuatu at the height of the crisis. Why did he not send another officer to Vanuatu as in previous years? Did Savua channel overseas funds to support the takeover of the parliament during this trip? Is Savua allowed under Fiji laws to have a personal bank account in an overseas tax haven? Were large deposits made into his account between April 2000 and July 2000?

Vanuatu is a tax haven and Police inquiries into the involvement of a number of overseas business interests were continuing then. Of special interest are the triad gangs who have operated with some immunity until the recent drug bust up. It had been reported that these gangs enjoyed some protection from the Police during the period when Savua was the Commissioner.

Meeting with the Rebels

The rebel group met Mr. Savua on the 21/7/00 at the Nabua Police Station. We were reliably informed that they discussed a new lineup for the interim government and Savua's role within it.

The rebels even during periods of curfew had access to the Police Commissioner.

 

The name and honour of once proud police force of Fiji has been tarnished by extremely poor leadership and performance under Savua.

One officer informed that:

On the night when the Central Police Station (CPS) was under attack by the rebels, all lights at the CPS were turned off (with the exception of the Command Centre light where the Commissioner was at the time). In the darkness and uncertainty, Major Savua (a soldier, the Commissioner's brother who was inside the parliamentary complex) entered his room and held private discussions with the Commissioner. Following these discussions, the Commissioner asked that the Police truck be provided to cart food for the rebels from the Savu area. All officers who took part in a parade just after the rebel attack on CPS and greater Suva area heard this instruction very clearly.

CONCLUDING REMARKS  

The events noted here have demonstrated that the Police Commissioner had failed in his constitutional duty, oath and obligation to uphold the rule of law and protect the constitutional government.

Indeed, he had actively used the police forces to support the takeover and overthrow of the democratic and constitutional government. His motivation was quite clear from the accounts presented here - he wanted to be an important part of a new government to emerge from the takeover of the parliament. To this end, he had used and manipulated police officers and resources to support the actions of the terrorists who took over the parliament on May the 19^th, 2000.

Through his deliberate actions, important arms of the police forces were rendered incapable of preemptively dealing with the takeover and the violence and rioting that ensued subsequently. His actions had done great damage to a professional and generally hard working, committed and loyal Police Force in the country.

From the evidence presented here, we are convinced that the Police Commissioner should have been subjected to trial for both treason and other capital offences arising from his actions. The Commission charged with the Tuivaga inquiry should be recognized as a fraud orchestrated by the Commissioner's cronies in the Interim Government, headed by Laisenia Qarase, who later tasted power and formed SDL Party to come to power through democratic process.  This included elements within the judiciary and the Public Service Commission who had been associated with the attempt to abrogate the Constitution of Fiji Islands and confer some legitimacy to the Interim Government through that.

 

Fijian Prime Minister, Commodore Frank Bainimarama, who removed Qarase for abusing democratic powers and processes and working with ethno-nationalist elements like Savua and treasonous rebels. Western Democracy appears to have failed in Fiji and perhaps Fiji needs a home-grown solution to its fundamental problems. These articles were written to expose outside world with Fiji-type of conspiracy and problems and why Military have to adopt strong-arm controls to handle people with nationalistic and manipulative tendencies. 

ENDNOTE

All these took place when a supposedly clean and honest banker, Laisenia Qarase was appointed by Bainimarama as the Interim Prime Minister, who obviously tasted power and worked in cahoots with the ethno-nationalist elements. Qarase, subsequently formed SDL Political Party and came to power, and started abusing democratic processes to introduce racist policies and persecute Indo-Fijians through questionable laws and policies. 

Frank Bainimarama gave advance warning to Laisenia Qarase to improve his governance and remove extreme-nationalism and racism from SDL policies and proposed laws. Qarase ignored Bainimarama threats at this own peril, and as warned, was unceremoniously deposed by military on 6 December, 2006. The rest is history. 

Overseas community need to read and appreciate these articles and see what the military has to contend with. Any strong-arm tactic and tight controls on media and freedom are to stop the rot of ethno-nationalism repeat in Fiji. Democracy in Fiji is developing, as we need a home-grown solution to our fundamental problems and issues. It is hoped series of these articles help you better understand and appreciate the problems and issues in Fiji.[This was view 20 years ago in May, 2001]

Thakur Ranjit Singh

[E-Mail: thakurjifj@gmail.com]

[About the author: Thakur Ranjit Singh is a journalist and media commentator and runs his blog site, FIJI PUNDIT, that tells what others fail to tell. He is a former publisher of Fiji's Daily Post newspaper, and is based in Auckland, New Zealand. This article was originally  written and published in the Daily Post in May, 2001 under the column Liu Muri by Aage Picche. This is intended as a historical reminder of our dark past.]

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SAVUA ENQUIRY - PART 3- SAVUA HAD PACKED TO SHIFT TO PM'S OFFICE

SAVUA ENQUIRY Part 3: Savua had packed to shift to PM’s office - and used police resources to commit treason.

Thakur Ranjit Singh

Summary of Part 2: Savua’s dereliction of duties and failure to use the riot bus.

In part 2, you read, how, despite all the police resources and Police Mobile Unit and the Riot (Red) Bus at his disposal, Savua rendered that useless, and he was missing-in-action to lead the police to control an unruly crowd, as he had predicted. Despite all this, he was found innocent of any wrong doing by Justice Timoci Tuivaga’s court, held in camera. 

Now read Part 3 to make up your own mind whether he was guilty. If you have not read two other previous parts, please go back to FIJI PUNDIT (www.fijipundit.blogspot.co.nz) and catch up on those stories that no Fiji papers or journalists have ever reported on.

 

Former Commissioner of Police Isikia Savua was rewarded by Qarase as Fiji's representative to United Nations. Qarase systematically rewarded all ethno-nationalists who helped in propping up a nationalist government, which abused the concept of democracy and denied equality, security and social justice to all its citizens.

Here is Part 3

CRITICAL SUPPORT UNITS AVAILABLE TO SAVUA TO CONTROL RIOTS AND PARLIAMENTARY TAKEOVER

(a) Recruitment of Ex-Soldiers

About 900 ex-military personnel were absorbed into the Police Mobile Unit to reinforce its strength. Why weren’t they fully utilized to cover the streets of Suva and the Parliament before the March of May 19, 2000?  Were they actually recruited to support the takeover of Government?

(b) Intelligence Services

Were other government intelligence agencies consulted and strategic action taken by Mr. Savua by drawing strategic plans to prevent possible disobedience and civil unrest?  If not, why not? Officers have reported that the Commissioner deliberately misinformed the Prime Minister and the Minister for Home Affairs by downplaying security threats and developments in official reports. He deliberately manipulated Police Reports, and indeed cut off the access the Police intelligence chiefs had with the Prime Minister.

A letter dated 16/04/00 was addressed to the Prime Minister which was handed over to the Police Special Branch Unit forewarning them of the possible plan to take over the Government.  The letter identified Mr. Savua as one of the architects of the planned takeover with another former army Colonel, Savenaca Draunidalo. It also named several senior public servants including a permanent secretary and several people who were appointed ministers in the Interim Administration.

In this letter, an extremely serious allegation had been made about the Police Commissioner and his involvement in planning a takeover of the Parliament. Why were these information not acted upon and a full inquiry not taken place at that time based on the information provided?  The Commissioner withheld this information from his Minister and the Prime Minister and thwarted attempts by senior intelligence and police officers to directly see their Minister to discuss this concern. Two of these officers were transferred out of Suva at this time.

(c) March Permit and Rioting

We are to understand that the permit for the proposed March of May 19th was only allowed within a designated area; i.e., from the Suva bus station to Government House and nowhere else as specified. 

Why didn’t the Police Mobile Unit erect roadblock at the Government House main gate to stop those taking part in the march heading to Parliament? Officers have told us that the Police Commissioner asked officers loyal to him to allow the marches to proceed beyond Sukuna Park.

 

A burnt-out Suva. Savua was missing in action, and prevented police from bringing law and order to rioting that burnt part of Suva.

The Police Commissioner and handpicked officers were in the thick of looting and the rioting. A number of officers and witnesses have informed us that the Commissioner was instructing the rioters to "complete their looting within two hours". During this period when he was in the thick of the rioting in Marks Street and Cumming Streets in Suva, he made sure that Police reinforcements were not deployed in these areas to bring the rioting under control.

His loyal police officers played an important role in ensuring that the Mobile Unit did not hinder the marches and that the pre-planned looting was allowed to run its planned course.

(d) Penal Code Offences

Some rebels were arrested by police on Ratu Sukuna Road outside the Nasese Shopping Centre for damaging property and shop lifting; both Penal Code offences.  We are informed that Mr. Savua released those arrested after consulting his rebel brother, Major Savua without being charged. Mr. Savua (PC) gave the directive to release all the rebels during a briefing at the Central Police Station.

 (e) Evidence of Vacating Office

A week before the attempted coup, Mr. Savua packed all his belongings in his office and told his staff officer, one ASP that he would be moving to the PM’s office as Prime Minister. Staff officers had packed his office materials and confidential reports and police papers were destroyed or left in a secure Shipping Container at his residence. Unfortunately, one of the senior staff has been sent away for overseas mission by the Commissioner of Police to avoid him giving testimony in the tribunal.

(f) Threatening Violence

Mr. Savua threatened a former Divisional Police Officer at gunpoint. This is not the first police officer to be threatened at gunpoint by Mr. Savua during this period. Such threats were aimed at warning officers that he could take action outside of law.

(g) Inward/Outward Calls

Mr. Savua has been regularly making and receiving phone calls from George Speight and his associates a couple of weeks before the attempted takeover.  His mobile phone was used extensively before, during and after the takeover of the previous government for such contacts.

 

Savua was in cahoots with George Speight, was in constant touch with him and provided police resources to loot Muaniweni Indo-Fijian farmers.

These calls increased in frequency in the days leading to the coup and on the day of the takeover of parliament. At least 5 telephone conversations took place between Speight and Savua on May 19th itself. Surely the Commissioner was not discussing insurance business with Speight on the day of the takeover.

(h) Police Recruitment

The recruitment of Special Constable in the Force is shocking - reeking of nepotism and gross abuse of office. A large number of Special Constables were recruited from his province - including over-age and under-age recruits and special constables with criminal convictions.

Most alarming was the fact that criminals who were involved in looting and terrorism in the Tailevu area and who were released on bail by the Magistrates courts were recruited, through Savua's approval as special constables. Some of these people were then put in charge of police security over the very people that they had terrorized. A total of 100 new recruits were recruited two to three weeks before the coup.  Out of the 100 recruited, there was only a single Indo-Fijian and 99 Fijian recruits.

In fact the Acting Commissioner had taken some steps to remedy this and had terminated the employment of 26 Special Constables recruited by Savua who had serious criminal records.  

The charge of recruiting Special constables with criminal records in itself must have been adequate for the Tribunal and the Public Service commission to terminate his employment. This was a gross violation of Public Service procedures and ethics. How did the Kangaroo court that tried him find him innocent?

 

Former Chief Justice, Sir Timoci Tuivaga, who found Savua innocent of any wrongdoings during Qarase's Interim Rule. He was son-in-law of former Peoples Coalition Minister, Dr. Tupeni Baba, who then headed Qarase's SDL Party and was collecting support to fight next elections in Fiji. (Photo Courtesy of Fiji Sun)

(i) Conspiracy

Some senior police officers were part of a conspiracy to overthrow the Peoples' Coalition Government. This conspiracy was hatched by Savua with the assistance of a senior official in the President's Office, several senior public servants who were formerly in the army and politicians from SVT and the FAP - several were made Ministers in Interim Government headed by Qarase.

Prior to the coup, 65 % of the Police Mobile Force Unit was taken off elite training to undergo work at stations around the country. Savua directed this work in spite of opposition from loyal police officers - who saw this as a most peculiar development especially as the security situation was worsening in the capital. Neither the Home Affairs Minister nor the Prime Minister were informed about this significant development.

Savua recruited handpicked territorial Force soldiers to replace Police Mobile personnel. This was a highly questionable development - and because it took place gradually over several months, such a large-scale deployment was hidden from the Police Services Commission and the Minister responsible.

One hour before the coup, a red police bus with Territorial officers was directed from Sukuna Park to go to parliament house. When they reached parliament house, the marching crowd arrived there. They simply went past the riot squad to the back gate of the parliament.  They were told by Mr. Savua to standby there and guard the front gates of parliament instead of being deployed in the city where looting had already begun.

(j) Savua for Prime Minister?

The looting in downtown Suva took almost 4 hours with only few police man manning the city area. Surprisingly, the police had no strategies to counter the looting, coupled with civil disobedience in the heart of the city.

We are reliably informed that Mr. Savua directed Jahir Khan to go to Parliament house and bring the leader of the house and the speaker to the command center where he was awaiting. He knew full well by the time that the armed men had taken control of the parliament. Even if they hadn't what protocol required the Speaker and the Head to be summoned to the office of the Police Commissioner? Savua, according to police informants was to declare himself the Prime Minister following this meeting. But his plans were foiled when others jumped onto the bandwagon of Speight's takeover and cut him off from Speight.

One Constable drove Jahir Khan to the parliament. Upon arrival at the Parliament gates, they asked to be let through the gates but Mr. Duvuloco arrived at the scene and objected to these officers going in to parliament house. It appears that a new group that was marginal to the planning of the conspiracy had now begun to control the shots inside the parliament.

(k) Actions at the Height of Crisis

Mr. Savua is renowned for his media conference on both minor and major issues.  At the height of crisis, he was nowhere to be seen. His absence was quite deliberate.

Mr. Savua was not available for advice and direction on the day of looting and he remained out of the office for most of the whole day.  It would be interesting to get a print out of his statement of account of mobile phone (mobile no 905269) on the day of the looting. Interestingly, he was seen on the streets of Suva while his senior officers had no knowledge of his whereabouts.

This pattern was to be repeated in the days ahead. He was again absent from office when the police stations around the nations were being taken over by rebels.  Serving members with their families were subject of abuse by the rebels and put through a living hell.

(l) Corporal Seavula

The night the TV station was stormed, Central Police Station (CPS) was also threatened by the same rebels. The same night, Corporal Seavula was shot to death. On that night, all police were on standby at CPS as the rebels going from parliament house to town.  The army was guarding CPS and all lights were off at the station. Police officers were waiting for the rebels to arrive at the CPS.

Officers at the CPS heard gunshots nearby (Selbourne St and also in town). At midnight the lights were turned on and Mr. Savua called all officers and started telling them about the events that night and asked the officers present to carry on the work (standby in their areas) and were debriefed and they were told them to go home. Why was this done when so serious security threats existed? What was discussed between Savua and the rebels on this night? Did it relate to the removal of the President, Ratu Mara?

TO BE CONTINUED in DRAMATIC CONCLUDING PART: SAVUA ENQUIRY-PART 4 - Police Helped Transport Arms from Military to Rebels and Steal from Muaniweni Indo Fijian farmers.

E-mail: thakurjifj@gmail.com

[About the author: Thakur Ranjit Singh is a journalist and media commentator and runs his blog site, FIJI PUNDIT, that tells what others fail to tell. He is a former publisher of Fiji's Daily Post newspaper, and is based in Auckland, New Zealand. This article was originally  written and published in the Daily Post in May, 2001 under the column Liu Muri by Aage Picche. This is intended as a historical reminder of our dark past.]

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